Scaling, often referred to as dental deep cleaning, is a non-surgical procedure performed by dentists or dental hygienists to remove plaque and tartar (calculus) from the tooth surfaces and below the gum line. It is a critical component of periodontal therapy, aimed at treating and preventing gum disease (periodontitis and gingivitis).

Plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, constantly forms on our teeth. If not removed through regular brushing and flossing, it hardens into tartar, which is much more difficult to remove. Tartar provides a rough surface that allows more plaque to accumulate, leading to inflammation of the gums (gingivitis). If gingivitis is left untreated, it can progress to periodontitis, a more severe form of gum disease that damages the soft tissues and bone supporting the teeth, potentially leading to tooth loss. Scaling removes these harmful deposits, allowing the gums to heal and preventing further damage.